The original collections of the Mineralogy and Petrology Museum were created at the Natural History Society that was established in Athens in 1835. The University acquired the collections in 1837. The University Museum of Mineralogy-Petrography was created in 1908. It has been part of the Geology Department since 1982.
The Museum occupies a total area of about 1100 m2. The collections are exhibited in the three halls, while the fourth hall is for audio-visual presentations and lectures.